Common Vitamin Deficiencies in Thai People and How to Fix Them in 2025

Why Are So Many Thais Deficient in Vitamins?

Despite Thailand’s year-round sunlight and variety of food, modern lifestyle habits—such as working in offices, eating repetitive diets, and avoiding sunlight—have led to widespread vitamin deficiencies among Thais, often without them realizing it.

The Most Common Vitamin Deficiencies Among Thais

1. Vitamin D
Causes: Avoiding sunlight, frequent sunscreen use, working indoors
Impact: Osteoporosis, muscle weakness, lowered immunity
Sources: Fatty fish like salmon, egg yolks, certain types of mushrooms

2. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Causes: High intake of white rice and processed foods
Impact: Beriberi, fatigue, and nervous system disorders
Sources: Whole grains, legumes, and meat

3. Vitamin B9 (Folate)
Causes: Low intake of leafy green vegetables
Impact: Anemia and pregnancy-related complications
Sources: Dark leafy greens, legumes, and folate-fortified grains

4. Vitamin C
Causes: Inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption
Impact: Bleeding gums, slow wound healing, lowered immunity
Sources: Citrus fruits, guava, and bell peppers

5. Vitamin A
Causes: Low intake of orange and yellow fruits and vegetables
Impact: Impaired night vision and weakened immune function
Sources: Liver, egg yolks, and orange-yellow fruits and vegetables

Who Should Consider Vitamin Supplementation?

• Office workers: At risk of vitamin D deficiency due to lack of sun exposure

• Older adults: Vitamin absorption declines with age

• People with chronic conditions: Such as kidney disease or digestive disorders

• Those with restrictive diets: Including vegetarians or those on strict plant-based diets

The Longevist’s Recommendation
Vitamin supplementation should be done with proper knowledge and understanding—especially for at-risk individuals. Blood testing and consultation with a medical professional can ensure safe and effective vitamin support.

Vitamin deficiency is a common issue in Thailand, despite the availability of diverse foods. Being mindful of dietary habits and supplementing appropriately can help maintain optimal health and prevent disease.

References:

• Welida Health. (2024). Understanding Vitamin D Deficiency: A Rising Concern in 2025

• PubMed. (2007). Epidemiological Survey of Vitamin Deficiencies in Older Thai Adults

• Eatwellconcept. (2024). Key Vitamin Sources for Adults